In nutrition therapy for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), what is emphasized?

The emphasis on high fiber and plant-based foods in nutrition therapy for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is rooted in the advantages these foods provide in managing blood sugar levels, improving overall health, and reducing the risk of complications. High fiber foods, which are often derived from plants, can slow down digestion and the absorption of glucose, leading to more stable blood sugar levels. Additionally, these foods tend to be lower in calories and higher in vital nutrients, which can assist in weight management and improve insulin sensitivity.

Plant-based diets rich in whole grains, legumes, vegetables, and fruits not only support better glycemic control but also contribute to cardiovascular health, which is particularly important for individuals with diabetes who have a heightened risk of heart disease. The incorporation of these foods can also promote a healthy gut microbiome, further enhancing metabolic health.

In contrast, the other options present approaches that are not conducive to effective management of T2DM. A high sugar diet would likely lead to spikes in blood glucose levels, while increased saturated fat could elevate cholesterol levels and worsen cardiovascular health. The elimination of carbohydrates completely can lead to nutritional imbalances and unsustainable dietary practices.